Transactions relating to crypto-assets, including their issuance, are validated and recorded through consensus mechanisms. These mechanisms concern rules and procedures for reaching an agreement on the validation of a transaction between distributed ledger technology (DLT) network nodes, which are also responsible for keeping records of all transactions in a distributed ledger.

Reaching consensus requires the use of materials and computing power that entail impacts on the climate and the environment that vary depending on the DLTs and their specific characteristics.

Therefore, for investors in crypto-assets, it is of fundamental importance to identify and communicate the aforementioned impacts, through accurate, correct, clear, non-misleading, simple, concise and comparable information.

To this end, mandatory, supplementary and optional indicators have been defined that the entities required to draft White Papers, as well as the providers of services for crypto-assets, must comply with.

Information to be included in White Papers

EU Regulation 2025/422 introduces new directives that integrate the content of White Papers on crypto-assets, i.e. the documents that issuing entities are required to publish in order to ensure transparency of information, helping the p...